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Preeclampsia has an association with both platelet count and mean platelet volume: A systematic review and
Muluken Walle1, Yemataw Gelaw2, Fasil Getu1
1Medicallaboratory Science Department, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia.
Insights
Preeclampsia (PE) is linked to lower platelet counts (PC) and higher mean platelet volume (MPV) in pregnant women. These hematological changes may signal the development of PE.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Hematology
- Perinatology
Background:
- Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific disorder.
- Endothelial dysfunction and coagulation system activation characterize PE.
- Altered platelet parameters are common hematological findings in PE.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review global studies on the relationship between platelet count (PC) and PE.
- To investigate the association between mean platelet volume (MPV) and PE.
- To calculate the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) of PC and MPV between PE and normotensive (NT) groups.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and African journals (Jan 2011-Jan 2021).
- Grey literature search via Google Scholar and Google.
- Random-effects model meta-analysis to estimate pooled WMD of platelet parameters.
Main Results:
- 25 articles were included; 23 used for PC and MPV analyses.
- Pooled WMD showed a significant decrease in PC (-41.45 × 10^9/L) in PE vs. NT.
- Pooled WMD revealed a significant increase in MPV (0.98 fl) in PE vs. NT.
Conclusions:
- This meta-analysis confirms a significant decrease in PC and a significant increase in MPV in pregnant women with PE.
- Changes in PC and MPV may serve as indicators for PE development.
Background:
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific disorder characterized by endothelial dysfunction, and activation of the coagulation system. Alteration of PLT parameters is the common hematological abnormality observed in women with PE. The main aim of this study was to systematically review previous studies from around the world to generate evidence about the relationship between platelet count (PC) and PE, as well as mean platelet volume (MPV) and PE, by calculating the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) of PC and MPV between PE and normotensive (NT) groups.
Methods:
Relevant articles which were published in the English language from January 10, 2011, to January 10, 2021, were systematically searched through PubMed, Web of Science, and African journals online. In addition, reference probing of published articles searching was employed through Google Scholar and Google for searching grey literature. The methodological qualities of articles were assessed using Joana Brigg's institute critical appraisal checklist. A random-effects model was used to estimate pooled WMD of PLT parameters between the two groups with the respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Stata version 11.0. The I2 statistics and Egger's regression test were used to assess heterogeneity and publication bias among included studies, respectively.
Results:
A total of 25 articles were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Of which, 23 studies were used in each PC and MPV analysis. The overall pooled WMD of PC and MPV between PE and NT groups were -41.45 × 109/L [95% CI; -51.8, -31.0] and 0.98 fl [95% CI; 0.8, 1.1], respectively. The pooled WMD revealed that PC decreased significantly in the PE group compared to the NT group while MPV increased significantly in the PE group.
Conclusions:
This systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that there is a significant decrease in PC and a significant increase in MPV during PE development among pregnant women. As a result, a change in these parameters among pregnant women may indicate the development of PE.
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