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Primary Production

Primary Production

The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.

Other Algae

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The group Stramenopiles include some phototrophic microorganisms. Members of this group possess flagella covered in numerous short, hairlike extensions, a feature that inspired the group's name, derived from the Latin words for "straw" and "hair." Some of the main categories of Stramenopiles include diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae.Diatoms are unicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes, with over 200 known genera. They play a key role in the planktonic communities of both marine and...

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The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...

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Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 28, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring Seaweed's Bioactive Compounds for Sustainable Innovations in Industries

Author Spotlight: Exploring Seaweed's Bioactive Compounds for Sustainable Innovations in Industries

Published on: November 21, 2023

Global seaweed productivity.

Albert Pessarrodona¹, Jorge Assis², Karen Filbee-Dexter^1,3

¹UWA Oceans Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.

Science Advances

|September 14, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Seaweed habitats are the largest vegetated coastal biome, with high net primary production (NPP) driven by climate. This research highlights their significant role in the ocean carbon cycle.

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Area of Science:

Marine Ecology
Oceanography
Carbon Cycling

Background:

Net primary production (NPP) in coastal oceans, especially shallow marine vegetation, is poorly understood.
Seaweed habitats represent the planet's largest vegetated coastal biome.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide global predictions of seaweed habitat productivity.
To assess the contribution of seaweed NPP to the coastal ocean carbon cycle.

Main Methods:

Compilation of in situ annual NPP measurements from over 400 sites across 72 geographic ecoregions.
Analysis of NPP data in relation to climatic variables and habitat types.

Main Results:

Seaweed NPP is strongly influenced by climatic variables and peaks in temperate latitudes.
Large brown seaweed forests dominate seaweed productivity.
Seaweed forests demonstrate exceptionally high per-area production rates, significantly exceeding coastal phytoplankton in temperate and polar seas.

Conclusions:

Seaweed NPP is a major driver of coastal ocean production.
The significant role of seaweed NPP necessitates its integration into oceanic carbon cycle models.
Current oceanic carbon cycle models may overlook the substantial contribution of seaweed habitats.