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Ferret Systemic Coronavirus in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Knockout Ferrets.

Andrea J Osborne1, Shah S Hussain2, Emily E Helman1

  • 1Animal Resources Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.

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|September 14, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ferret systemic coronavirus (FRSCV) caused severe illness and death in genetically modified ferrets. This highlights potential increased disease risk in research animals due to host genetics.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Ferret systemic coronavirus (FRSCV) is a fatal disease in ferrets, potentially a variant of ferret enteric coronavirus (FRECV).
  • Genetically modified animals, including ferrets, are increasingly used in research, raising concerns about host genetics and infectious disease interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical and histopathologic features of a FRSCV outbreak in α-1 antitrypsin knockout (AAT KO) ferrets.
  • To investigate the role of host genetics in ferret coronavirus susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Case series analysis of 10 AAT KO ferrets over one year.
  • Clinical evaluation, gross and microscopic pathology, immunohistochemistry, and PCR testing of tissues and feces.

Main Results:

  • Five out of 10 AAT KO ferrets developed FRSCV, presenting with wasting, paralysis, incontinence, or sudden death.
  • Mild gross lesions were observed, but microscopic pyogranulomatous inflammation was present in 4 ferrets.
  • Immunohistochemistry confirmed FRSCV infection in macrophages in 4/5 affected ferrets; PCR was negative on fixed tissues.

Conclusions:

  • Genetically modified ferrets may be highly susceptible to FRSCV, indicating a need to consider host genetics in disease management.
  • The study suggests potential exclusion of FRECV from susceptible ferret genotypes in research settings.