RETRACTED ARTICLE: An automatic and intelligent brain tumor detection using Lee sigma filtered histogram segmentation...

Brain tumors are the second important origin of death worldwide. The early and exact identification of brain tumors is significant for the healing process. With accelerating diagnoses, medicine as well as pricing, quantum computing permits disruptive cases to providers. Quantum improved deep learning was especially significant to the sector. However, the conventional machine learning method faces main challenges to achieve accurate brain tumor detection with MRI images. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel technique called Lee sigma filtered histogram segmentation (LSFHS) for accurately detecting brain tumors with minimal time consumption. LSFHS technique is based on preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. Input MRI image is preprocessed using adaptive Lee sigma filter in the first hidden layer to minimize noise significantly. In hidden layer 2, gray bimodal histogram segmentation is performed to partition a preprocessed image into a number of segments. Multiple features are extracted from the input image in the third hidden layer. Output layer uses the TanH activation function to match extracted features with disease features for detecting brain tumors. Experimental evaluation is carried out on factors, namely peak signal-to-noise ratio, tumor detection accuracy, error rate and tumor detection with a number of MRI images. The results illustrate LSFHS technique increases tumor detection accuracy by 14% and 25% faster tumor detection time, and reduces the error rate by 58% compared to state-of-the-art works. Qualitative and quantitative results illustrate that our proposed LSFHS technique attains greater performance than state-of-the-art methods. LSFHS technique is designed to detect brain tumors at an earlier stage with higher tumor detection accuracy and less time.