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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Sensing Technologies
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Phase retrieval from spectral interference is crucial for various sensing applications.
    • Dispersive Fourier transform (DFT) offers high-speed spectral analysis but faces challenges in phase retrieval accuracy.
    • Minimizing error accumulation and improving signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are key for precise dynamic measurements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a novel method for accurate phase information retrieval from single-shot interference spectra obtained via DFT.
    • To develop a high-speed vibration sensing system using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
    • To establish conditions for precise relative phase retrieval, improving SNR in dynamic scenarios.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing dispersive Fourier transform (DFT) for single-shot spectral acquisition.
    • Implementing a Mach-Zehnder interferometer setup for interference measurements.
    • Developing a phase retrieval algorithm that restrains error accumulation, particularly sensitive to pulse timing jitter.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved precise retrieval of relative phase trends at different time delays.
    • Demonstrated improved signal-to-noise ratio when time interval jitter is less than four times the pulse width.
    • Verified a phase resolution of 5.3 mrad and a high-speed refresh frame rate of 51.8 MHz.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method effectively demodulates phase from dynamic interference spectra.
    • This technique provides a reliable strategy for high-speed and precision sensing applications.
    • The findings pave the way for advanced optical sensing systems with enhanced accuracy and speed.