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Related Concept Videos

Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Viral Mutations00:36

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A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
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Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1
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Human monkeypox virus: An updated review.

Nawal Adnan1, Zargham Ul Haq2, Asmara Malik3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.

Medicine
|September 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human monkeypox, an emerging zoonotic disease, presents symptoms similar to smallpox. Rapid, precise diagnostics are crucial due to current test limitations and the virus

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Human monkeypox is an emerging zoonotic orthopoxvirus.
  • Clinical presentation resembles smallpox, complicating differentiation from other orthopedic infections.
  • Laboratory diagnosis is key for identification and monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Highlight the need for rapid and precise diagnostic tests for monkeypox.
  • Discuss the global spread and transmission patterns of the current outbreak.
  • Emphasize the requirement for further research into monkeypox epidemiology, biology, and ecology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of current monkeypox outbreak data.
  • Examination of diagnostic challenges and limitations.
  • Assessment of global case distribution and transmission events.

Main Results:

  • Monkeypox diagnosis is challenging due to symptom overlap with other infections.
  • Current diagnostic methods are time-consuming, necessitating faster alternatives.
  • The virus has spread globally, with cases reported in Europe, USA, Australia, and the UAE, linked to crowded events.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent need for improved diagnostic tools for monkeypox.
  • Further research is essential to understand and control global outbreaks.
  • New therapeutics and vaccines are being developed for monkeypox treatment and prevention.