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Updated: Jul 29, 2026

High-throughput Flow Cytometry Cell-based Assay to Detect Antibodies to N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor or Dopamine-2 Receptor in Human Serum
Published on: November 23, 2013
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis after coronavirus disease 2019: A case report and literature review
Hyesun Lee1, Jong Hyun Jeon, Hojin Choi
1Department of Neurology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea.
Rationale:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic and COVID-19-associated anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis may occur through an immune-mediated pathomechanism.
Patient Concerns:
A 21-year-old woman with a history of COVID-19 presented to our hospital with memory decline and psychiatric symptoms.
Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
Intervention:
Intravenous methylprednisolone (1 g/day over 5 days) followed by immunoglobulin (0.4 g/kg/day over 5 days) were administered. The patient underwent laparoscopic salpingo-oophorectomy to remove an ovarian teratoma.
Outcomes:
The patient was discharged with sequelae of short-term memory impairment, without other neuropsychiatric symptoms.
Lessons:
Cases of previously reported anti-NMDAR encephalitis with COVID-19 were reviewed and compared with the present case. Clinicians should be aware of the occurrence of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in patients who present with neuropsychiatric complaints during or after exposure to COVID-19. Further studies are required to determine the causal relationship between the 2 diseases and predict the prognosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis after COVID-19 exposure.
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