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Changes in Availability of ENDS: 2019-2020, U.S.

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Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) availability rose 66% from 2019-2020, driven by flavored disposable products. Regulatory changes impacted availability, with flavored cartridge ENDS declining as disposable ENDS increased.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Tobacco Control
  • Market Analysis

Background:

  • Retail availability of ENDS is influenced by market dynamics and regulatory actions.
  • Understanding ENDS availability trends is crucial for contextualizing sales data and informing public health strategies.
  • Key events in 2019-2020, including lung injury outbreaks and federal regulations, potentially impacted ENDS retail presence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure changes in U.S. ENDS retail availability between January 2019 and December 2020.
  • To analyze trends in ENDS availability by subproduct and flavor category.
  • To assess the correlation between ENDS availability shifts and significant tobacco marketplace events.

Main Methods:

  • Joinpoint regression analysis was employed to identify slope changes in weekly ENDS availability.
  • NielsenIQ scanner data provided weekly unique universal product codes with non-zero sales.
  • Availability was modeled overall and stratified by subproduct (prefilled cartridges, disposables) and flavor (mint, menthol, tobacco, undetermined).

Main Results:

  • Overall ENDS availability increased by 66% from January 2019 to December 2020.
  • Prefilled cartridge availability decreased by 43%, while disposable availability surged by 511%, both led by flavored products.
  • A notable decrease in flavored prefilled cartridge availability occurred in early 2020, followed by an increase in flavored disposable availability.

Conclusions:

  • ENDS availability significantly increased during 2019-2020, primarily due to flavored disposable products.
  • Observed shifts in ENDS availability coincided with tobacco industry events and regulatory enforcement priorities.
  • The findings suggest a dynamic relationship between FDA enforcement actions and the evolving ENDS marketplace, particularly concerning flavored products.