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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

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Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
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REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

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REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

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A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
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Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
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Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

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Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Increased behavioral problems in children with sleep-disordered breathing.

Eszter Csábi1, Veronika Gaál2, Emese Hallgató3

  • 1Department of Cognitive and Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. eszter.csabi.psy@gmail.com.

Italian Journal of Pediatrics
|September 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) show increased behavioral issues, including inattention and hyperactivity. Early assessment and treatment of SDB in children are crucial for preventing emotional and behavioral problems.

Keywords:
Behavior dysregulationHyperactivityInattentiveness childrenSleep apneaSleep-disordered breathingSnoring

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Child Psychology
  • Behavioral Pediatrics

Background:

  • Healthy sleep is vital for children's cognitive, emotional, and behavioral development.
  • Sleep disturbances can negatively impact a child's overall well-being.
  • Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a common sleep disturbance in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the behavioral consequences of sleep disturbances in children.
  • To compare behavioral outcomes in children with SDB versus control participants.

Main Methods:

  • Seventy-eight children with SDB (including OSA and primary snoring) and 156 controls were studied.
  • Groups were matched for age and gender.
  • Parent-report scales measured behavior, including ADHD symptoms, emotional, and behavioral problems.

Main Results:

  • Children with SDB displayed higher levels of inattentiveness and hyperactivity.
  • The SDB group showed significantly more internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems.
  • These behavioral issues were present irrespective of SDB severity.

Conclusions:

  • Snoring and mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) pose a risk for behavioral and emotional dysfunction.
  • Accurate assessment and treatment of childhood sleep disturbances are essential.
  • Clinical focus should include primary snoring and mild OSA in children.