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Related Experiment Videos

Testosterone and cellular response.

S Ohno

    Birth Defects Original Article Series
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Mammalian cells primarily use one androgen receptor protein, specified by the Tfm locus, for androgen responsiveness. Mesenchymal cells are crucial for embryonic development, and some androgen effects are indirect via the hypothalamopituitary axis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Developmental Biology

    Background:

    • Androgen action is crucial for mammalian development and physiology.
    • The specific mechanisms and receptor interactions mediating androgen responsiveness are complex.
    • The role of different cell types and signaling axes in androgen effects requires clarification.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the primary mechanism of androgen responsiveness in mammalian target cells.
    • To investigate the role of the androgen receptor (AR) and its interaction with androgens like dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and testosterone (TES).
    • To determine the relative importance of mesenchymal versus epithelial cells in embryonic androgen-dependent differentiation and explore indirect androgen signaling pathways.

    Main Methods:

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of androgen receptor protein function in mammalian target cells.
  • Investigation of androgen receptor binding affinities for DHT and TES.
  • Comparative study of androgen responsiveness in mesenchymal and epithelial cells during embryonic development.
  • Examination of indirect androgen effects mediated by the hypothalamopituitary axis.

    • Main Results:

    • A single nuclear-cytosol androgen receptor protein, specified by the X-linked Tfm locus, mediates androgen responsiveness in most mammalian target cells, excluding male germ cells.
    • The androgen receptor exhibits highest binding affinity for DHT but can function less efficiently with TES in DHT's absence.
    • Mesenchymal cell androgen responsiveness is more critical than epithelial cell responsiveness for testosterone-dependent embryonic organ differentiation.
    • Some observed androgen effects on target cells are mediated indirectly through the hypothalamopituitary axis.

    Conclusions:

    • The Tfm locus-specified androgen receptor is the central mediator of androgen action in most mammalian somatic cells.
    • Differential androgen receptor affinity and cell-specific responsiveness (mesenchymal > epithelial) are key features of androgen-dependent development.
    • Indirect signaling through the hypothalamopituitary axis represents a significant component of the overall androgenic influence on target cells.