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Fluid flow at interfaces driven by thermal gradients.

Pietro Anzini1,2, Zeno Filiberti1, Alberto Parola1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thermal forces can move fluids without pressure differences. This study details the microscopic theory of thermo-osmosis, fluid motion driven by temperature gradients in confined geometries.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Thermal forces induce nonequilibrium phenomena, driving fluid motion without pressure gradients.
  • Thermo-osmosis, the movement of confined fluids due to temperature gradients, is a key example.
  • Existing theories often lack a complete microscopic derivation for confined systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a concise and complete derivation of the microscopic theory of thermo-osmosis.
  • To apply this theory to a fluid confined in a slab geometry, simulating membrane pore flow.
  • To analyze both open and closed channel scenarios under temperature gradients.

Main Methods:

  • Linear response theory is employed for the microscopic derivation.
  • The theory is applied to a simple fluid in a slab geometry.
  • Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations are used for validation.

Main Results:

  • A theoretical framework for thermo-osmosis in confined geometries is established.
  • The model considers fluid behavior in both open (free flow) and closed (inhibited mass transport) channels.
  • Preliminary simulations successfully validated a key prediction of the derived theory.

Conclusions:

  • The presented microscopic theory provides a robust framework for understanding thermo-osmosis.
  • The study highlights the importance of confinement and boundary conditions in thermal fluid transport.
  • Further quantitative analysis and simulation are needed to fully explore the generalized transport coefficients.