Self-Care Management for Hypertension in Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review.

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Cardiovascular Health
• Health Management

Background:

• Hypertension prevalence is rising sharply in Southeast Asia (SEA).
• Self-care practices like diet, exercise, and stress management are crucial for hypertension control.
• Limited research exists on hypertension self-care management within SEA populations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a scoping review of self-care management practices for hypertension in Southeast Asia.
• To identify existing literature and knowledge gaps regarding hypertension self-care in the region.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive scoping review of research and grey literature from 2006-2021.
• Searched ten databases and reference lists, including qualitative and quantitative primary data studies.
• Included studies focused on adult hypertensive patients and self-care methods in SEA.

Main Results:

• 57 studies were included out of 1667 examined, indicating a paucity of relevant literature.
• High incidence (≥50%) of behavioral risk factors like obesity, poor diet, and lack of exercise were noted.
• Few studies showed adequate traditional self-care; herbal remedies were sometimes used. Facilitators and barriers to self-care varied, influenced by internal and external factors.

Conclusions:

• Enhancing hypertension self-care in SEA requires a multifaceted approach.
• Interventions should address both personal choices and external factors like cultural relevance, environment, and resources.