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Surgery as a Global Health Need.

Thomas M Diehl1, Ernie Soto2, Jonathan A Laryea2

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Access to safe surgical care is limited globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This review explores challenges and frameworks for improving surgical capacity and outcomes in LMICs to achieve universal health coverage.

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Surgical Care Delivery
  • Health Systems Strengthening

Background:

  • Surgical care is essential for universal health coverage, yet access remains inequitable worldwide.
  • Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face significant disparities in safe and timely surgical care access.
  • Surgical outcomes in LMICs often trail behind those in high-income nations, even with established programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a historical overview of global surgery.
  • To examine the literature on global surgical outcomes.
  • To discuss challenges and frameworks for enhancing surgical capacity and outcomes in LMICs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of global surgical outcomes.
  • Analysis of challenges in building surgical capacity in LMICs.
  • Discussion of existing frameworks for integrating surgical care into national health plans.

Main Results:

  • Significant global disparities in surgical care access persist, particularly affecting LMICs.
  • Suboptimal surgical outcomes are prevalent in LMICs compared to high-income countries.
  • Barriers to surgical capacity building in LMICs are multifaceted, requiring strategic interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Improving surgical care in LMICs is critical for achieving universal health coverage.
  • Addressing challenges in surgical capacity building is essential for equitable health outcomes.
  • Integrating surgical services into national health strategies is a key pathway to progress.