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Understanding the Role of NRF2 Signalling in Cancer.

Pooja G Singh1, T S Gopenath2, Kanthesh M Basalingappa1

  • 1Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India.

Current Protein & Peptide Science
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Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) influences cancer cell metabolism and metastasis. Its dual role in cancer necessitates further research into NRF2 signaling for targeted therapies.

Keywords:
KEAP 1NRF2cancercarcinogenesisgene expressionredox potential

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a key transcription factor regulating antioxidant genes.
  • NRF2 signaling impacts cancer cell metabolism, stemness, aggressiveness, invasion, and metastasis.
  • Noncanonical NRF2 activation pathways are implicated in carcinogenesis and tumor progression.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes current understanding of NRF2's multifaceted role in various cancers.
  • Highlights the dependence of cancer-promoting metabolic flexibility on redox and NRF2.
  • Emphasizes the need for systematic investigation into NRF2 signaling in cancer etiology.

Key Points:

  • NRF2's pro- or antineoplastic effects are context-dependent on specific cancer molecular characteristics.
  • Understanding NRF2's role in gene expression across different cancers is crucial for therapeutic targeting.
  • Large-scale genomic and transcriptomic studies are required to link NRF2 activity to clinical outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • NRF2 plays a complex role in tumor formation and progression, acting as both a tumor suppressor and promoter.
  • Further research is essential to fully elucidate the intricate mechanisms of NRF2 signaling in cancer.
  • Targeting NRF2 pathways holds potential for improved clinical outcomes in cancer treatment.