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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Characterizing elementary excitations is key to understanding collective effects in quantum fluids.
  • Quantum hydrodynamics describes the fluid-like behavior of quantum systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel angle-resolved coherent probe spectroscopy technique.
  • To study the dispersion of excitation modes in a fluid of polaritons under resonant pumping.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an original angle-resolved coherent probe spectroscopy technique.
  • Achieved unprecedented spectral and spatial resolution.

Main Results:

  • Directly observed low-energy phononic behavior in polariton fluids.
  • Detected negative-energy modes (ghost branch) of the dispersion relation.
  • Revealed spectral features indicating dynamical instabilities in the out-of-equilibrium system.

Conclusions:

  • The developed technique is crucial for quantitative studies of quantum hydrodynamics in polariton fluids.
  • Provides new insights into the behavior of elementary excitations in quantum systems.