Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 28, 2025
03:53
Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
Published on: November 10, 2023
1.3K
The Geographical Correlation Between Historical Preterm Birth Disparities and COVID-19 Burden.
Ponnila S Marinescu1, Courtney Olson-Chen2, J Christopher Glantz2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 668, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA. Ponnila_Marinescu@urmc.rochester.edu.
Reproductive Sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)
|September 16, 2022
Summary
Pre-existing preterm birth (PTB) disparities geographically correlate with higher SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection rates. Areas with high COVID-19 prevalence showed increased PTB, linked to poverty and lower education.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Social Determinants of Health
Background:
- SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection rates vary geographically, mirroring disparities seen in obstetric outcomes.
- Pre-existing regional inequalities in preterm birth (PTB) may indicate areas vulnerable to disease burden.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the geographical correlation between historical preterm birth (PTB) disparities and subsequent COVID-19 disease burden.
- To understand how social determinants of health influence the distribution of COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective ecological cohort study using upstate New York birth certificate data (2004-2018) and 2020 COVID-19 rates.
- ZIP codes categorized into low, moderate, and high COVID-19 prevalence groups.
- Analysis of PTB rates correlated with poverty and educational attainment data; GIS mapping used for visualization.
Main Results:
- A positive correlation was found between PTB (all, <28 weeks, and periviable) and COVID-19 prevalence.
- High COVID-19 prevalence ZIP codes exhibited the highest PTB rates.
- Odds of PTB <28 weeks were significantly higher in high COVID-19 prevalence areas (OR 3.27).
- COVID-19 prevalence associated with poverty and inversely with income and education.
Conclusions:
- Historical disparities in preterm birth, reflecting social determinants of health, align with COVID-19 disease burden distribution.
- Socioeconomic policies addressing economic disparities are crucial for improving health outcomes in vulnerable communities.
Keywords:
COVID-19Community distributionGeographic correlationInfection rate(s)Preterm birthSocioeconomic statusMore Related Videos
14:43A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
Published on: January 12, 2018
12.0K
07:36Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
Published on: November 20, 2015
11.4K
Related Concept Videos
01:21Causality in Epidemiology
705
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
705
01:29Bias in Epidemiological Studies
539
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
539
01:08Prevalence and Incidence
741
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
741
00:52Pareto Chart
7.0K
A Pareto chart is a bar graph or a combination of both line and bar graphs. The bar lengths represent the individual values or the frequency, while the lines represent the cumulative total values. In this chart, the longest bars are arranged on the left and the shortest bars on the right, which makes it easier to read and interpret the data. It can also be called a Pareto diagram or Pareto analysis.
The Pareto chart is named after the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, who described the Pareto...
The Pareto chart is named after the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, who described the Pareto...
7.0K
01:52Regression Toward the Mean
6.4K
Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
6.4K
01:27Confounding in Epidemiological Studies
240
Confounding in statistical epidemiology represents a pivotal challenge, referring to the distortion in the perceived relationship between an exposure and an outcome due to the presence of a third variable, known as a confounder. This variable is associated with both the exposure and the outcome but is not a direct link in their causal chain. Its presence can lead to erroneous interpretations of the exposure's effect, either exaggerating or underestimating the true association. This...
240