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Pyroptosis-based nanotherapeutics: Possible mechanisms for cancer treatment
Veda Muppala1, Batoul Farran2, Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju1
1Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Abstract:
Pyroptosis represents an inflammatory cell death form induced by inflammasomes and performed by gasdermins. It is characterized by swelling, pore formation, release of cellular content and the activation of innate immunity leading to inflammation. Hence, pyroptosis contributes to inflammatory conditions like cancer and has emerged as a promising immuno-strategy for treating cancer. The advent of nanotechnology, which overlaps with the discovery of pyroptotic cell death, has enabled the development of nano-based pyroptosis inducing platforms aimed at overcoming resistance to apoptosis and enhancing tumor immunity. In this paper, we will describe the various molecular pathways underlying pyroptosis, such as canonical and non-canonical pyroptosis. We will then explore the advances in the field of pyroptosis-based nanotherapeutics and their future implications.
Insights
Pyroptosis, an inflammatory cell death, offers a novel cancer immunotherapy strategy. Nanotechnology enhances pyroptosis induction, overcoming treatment resistance and boosting anti-tumor immunity.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Nanomedicine
Background:
- Pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of cell death mediated by inflammasomes and gasdermins.
- It involves cell swelling, pore formation, and release of inflammatory signals, contributing to conditions like cancer.
- Pyroptosis is a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy due to its inflammatory nature.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the molecular pathways of pyroptosis, including canonical and non-canonical routes.
- To explore the advancements in pyroptosis-based nanotherapeutics for cancer treatment.
- To discuss the future implications of pyroptosis-inducing nanomedicines.
Main Methods:
- Review of molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis (canonical and non-canonical pathways).
- Exploration of nanotechnology applications in pyroptosis induction.
- Analysis of current research on pyroptosis-based nanotherapeutics.
Main Results:
- Pyroptosis pathways (canonical and non-canonical) detailed.
- Nanotechnology-based platforms for pyroptosis induction are emerging.
- These nanotherapeutics show potential in overcoming apoptosis resistance and enhancing anti-tumor immunity.
Conclusions:
- Pyroptosis is a key inflammatory cell death pathway with significant therapeutic potential in oncology.
- Nanotechnology offers innovative approaches to harness pyroptosis for cancer treatment.
- Pyroptosis-based nanomedicines represent a promising frontier in cancer immunotherapy.
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