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Related Concept Videos

Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

323
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
323
Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

289
Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
289
Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

280
Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
280

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 28, 2025

A Swine Model of Neonatal Asphyxia
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Neonatal multiple organ failure after perinatal asphyxia.

Isabel Iribarren1, Enrique Hilario1, Antonia Álvarez1

  • 1Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.

Anales De Pediatria
|September 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Perinatal asphyxia frequently causes neonatal multiple organ failure (MOF), impacting kidneys, liver, and the gut. Severe cases can also lead to heart muscle damage, increasing infant mortality.

Keywords:
AsfixiaAsphyxiaCorazónFallo multiorgánicoGastrointestinal tractHeartHígadoKidneyLiverMultiple organ failureNeonateNeonatoRiñónTracto gastrointestinal

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Critical Care
  • Perinatal Research

Background:

  • Perinatal asphyxia can cause neonatal encephalopathy and multiple organ failure (MOF).
  • Blood flow redistribution during asphyxia prioritizes vital organs, potentially compromising others.
  • Understanding the incidence and causes of MOF in neonates is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and aetiopathogenesis of organ failure in neonatal MOF following perinatal asphyxia.
  • To identify the most frequently affected organs in neonatal MOF due to perinatal asphyxia.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library.
  • Used MeSH terms related to ischemia, hypoxia, multiorgan dysfunction, and neonates.
  • Included clinical and preclinical studies published after 2000; excluded case series and abstracts.

Main Results:

  • Multiple organ failure (MOF) is a frequent complication of perinatal asphyxia in neonates.
  • Organ dysfunction affects the kidney, liver, and gastrointestinal tract.
  • Prolonged or severe asphyxia can lead to neonatal cardiomyopathy.

Conclusions:

  • Perinatal asphyxia significantly impacts neonatal morbidity and mortality through MOF.
  • Early identification and management of MOF are critical for improving outcomes.
  • Further research into the specific mechanisms of organ damage is warranted.