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Redox imbalance in COVID-19 pathophysiology

Nairrita Majumder1, Vishal Deepak2, Sarah Hadique2

  • 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.

Redox Biology
|September 18, 2022
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 infection causes significant redox imbalance, increasing free radicals and inflammatory markers. Understanding these oxidative stress pathways is crucial for developing effective COVID-19 treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Redox imbalance is implicated in COVID-19 pathophysiology.
  • Comprehensive understanding of redox parameters in COVID-19 is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate redox-related parameters in COVID-19 patients.
  • To assess the association between redox parameters and clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Serum multiplex assays and mRNA sequencing were performed on COVID-19 and control subjects.
  • Oxidant/antioxidant levels were measured using EPR spectroscopy, nitrite-nitrate assay, and ORAC assay.
  • Multivariate analyses evaluated the predictive potential of parameters for clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 patients exhibited elevated inflammatory and vascular markers, particularly in ICU admissions.
  • Increased free radical production and uric acid reduction were observed in COVID-19 subjects.
  • VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and specific oxidants were associated with mortality, while IL-17c and TSLP predicted ICU need.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 infection causes significant redox imbalance.
  • Targeting oxidative stress pathways offers potential therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
  • Further research is needed to identify specific oxidants for targeted therapies.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19EPRElectron paramagnetic resonanceRedox imbalanceSARS-CoV-2TranscriptomicsUric acid

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