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Related Concept Videos

Cross-bridge Cycle01:26

Cross-bridge Cycle

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As muscle contracts, the overlap between the thin and thick filaments increases, decreasing the length of the sarcomere—the contractile unit of the muscle—using energy in the form of ATP. At the molecular level, this is a cyclic, multistep process that involves binding and hydrolysis of ATP, and movement of actin by myosin.
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Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

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Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
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Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy01:21

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Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
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Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
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Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 28, 2025

ALS - Motor Neuron Disease: Mechanism and Development of New Therapies
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ALS - Motor Neuron Disease: Mechanism and Development of New Therapies

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Eva L Feldman1, Stephen A Goutman1, Susanne Petri2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Lancet (London, England)
|September 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) management is improving with new diagnostic criteria and understanding of its complex nature. Advances in pathophysiology, biomarkers, and therapies offer hope for better patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal central nervous system (CNS) neurodegenerative disease with suboptimal current management.
  • Phenotypic heterogeneity and global CNS dysfunction characterize ALS, necessitating improved diagnostic and prognostic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline recent insights into ALS pathophysiology, diagnosis, and prognosis.
  • To discuss the current status and future prospects of ALS management for neurologists.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on ALS heterogeneity, genetics, and pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of novel diagnostic criteria, biomarkers, risk factors, and predictive models.
  • Examination of the clinical trial pipeline for mechanism-based therapies.

Main Results:

  • Recognition of ALS as a complex syndrome is impacting clinical practice.
  • Advances in understanding ALS are clarifying its spectrum and facilitating diagnosis.
  • New insights are changing the prognostic landscape, though patient benefit is pending.

Conclusions:

  • Despite challenges, emerging research offers tangible effects in the clinic for ALS.
  • Future prospects include improved care and outcomes for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  • Continued research into ALS pathophysiology and therapies is crucial for clinical advancement.