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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a medical process that removes waste products and excess fluid from the body using the peritoneal membrane as a natural filter.Peritoneal Dialysis MethodsSeveral methods can be used for peritoneal dialysis, including Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis, also known as Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis.Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis (AIPD) is used for patients with uremic...
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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a procedure that facilitates the exchange of solutes, waste products, electrolytes, and excess fluid between the blood in the peritoneal capillaries and a dialysis solution introduced into the peritoneal cavity.Principles of Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)Diffusion: Waste products such as urea and electrolytes move from high concentrations in the blood to low concentrations in the dialysate across the peritoneal membrane. This mechanism is driven by the concentration...
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Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
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Peritoneal dialysis, or PD, utilizes the peritoneal membrane as a filter to eliminate excess fluid and waste products. Effective nursing management is essential for ensuring patient safety, preventing complications, and promoting optimal function of the peritoneal dialysis process.Assessment and MonitoringNurses must thoroughly assess the patient before, during, and after each dialysis session. Regular monitoring includes vital signs, daily weight, fluid intake and output, and laboratory values...
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DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
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Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
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Connection assist devices for peritoneal dialysis.

Anthony T P Chan1, Sydney C W Tang1

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China.

Seminars in Dialysis
|September 19, 2022
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Summary

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) offers home-based kidney replacement therapy (KRT), but peritonitis remains a frequent complication. This review examines connection devices designed to reduce peritonitis and improve PD outcomes for patients with disabilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Medical Devices
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Global increase in patients requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT).
  • Home-based therapies like peritoneal dialysis (PD) offer advantages but face complications.
  • Peritonitis is the most common PD complication, often linked to technique failure, especially in patients with disabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review connection devices developed to mitigate peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis.
  • To highlight solutions for technique failure in PD, particularly for patients with physical or cognitive impairments.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of connection devices for CAPD (Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis).
  • Analysis of device impact on peritonitis rates and technique survival.

Main Results:

  • Connection devices aim to reduce the incidence of peritonitis.
  • Successful implementation of these devices can potentially decrease PD technique failure.

Conclusions:

  • Connection devices represent a key strategy to improve PD safety and efficacy.
  • Addressing technique failure through improved device technology is crucial for long-term PD success, especially for vulnerable patient populations.