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Swallowing Related Problems of Toddlers with Down Syndrome

Selen Serel Arslan1

  • 1Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, 06100 Altındağ, Ankara, Turkey.

Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities
|September 19, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Toddlers with Down syndrome (DS) experience more chewing disorders, drooling, and coughing during swallowing than typically developing children (TDC). Early intervention for swallowing issues and caregiver support is crucial for children with DS.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Swallowing difficulties are common in children with Down syndrome (DS).
  • Understanding these challenges is vital for early intervention and improving quality of life.
  • Comparison with typically developing children (TDC) provides a benchmark for assessing these issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and compare swallowing-related problems in toddlers with DS versus TDC.
  • To assess the severity of dysphagia symptoms using the Pediatric version of the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (PEDI EAT-10).
  • To evaluate the impact of swallowing disorders on caregivers using the Feeding/Swallowing Impact Survey (T-FS-IS).

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 127 toddlers (96 DS, 31 TDC) and their mothers.
  • Assessment of chewing disorders, food selectivity, drooling, and coughing during swallowing.
  • Utilized PEDI EAT-10 for dysphagia severity and T-FS-IS for caregiver impact.

Main Results:

  • Mothers of children with DS reported significantly higher rates of chewing disorders, drooling, and coughing during swallowing compared to mothers of TDC (p < 0.01).
  • Children with DS had higher mean PEDI EAT-10 scores, indicating greater dysphagia symptom severity (p = 0.006).
  • Significant differences were found in T-FS-IS scores between the groups, with moderate to strong correlations between PEDI EAT-10 and T-FS-IS scores (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Toddlers with Down syndrome exhibit distinct and more prevalent swallowing-related problems compared to their typically developing peers.
  • Early identification of swallowing concerns in children with DS is essential.
  • Addressing the impact on caregivers' quality of life is integral to managing swallowing problems effectively in this population.

Keywords:
Down syndromeFeedingMothersParent-reportSwallowing

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