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White matter hyperintensities volume and cognition: A meta-analysis
1The 3rd Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
White matter hyperintensities (WMH) significantly increase the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) patients. Early intervention may minimize cognitive decline associated with WMH progression over time.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Geriatrics
- Neuroimaging
Background:
- Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common condition in older adults.
- CSVD is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia.
- White matter hyperintensities (WMH) volume increases with age and impacts cognition.
Approach:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases.
- Included clinical studies focusing on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia in CSVD patients.
- Data analyzed up to May 5, 2022.
Key Points:
- WMH volume is linked to a 35% increased risk of progressing from cognitively unimpaired to MCI.
- WMH volume is associated with a 49% increased risk of progressing to dementia.
- Longer follow-up periods (over 5 years) further elevate the risk of MCI and dementia.
Conclusions:
- WMH volume is substantially correlated with cognitive impairment risk in CSVD.
- Cognitive decline is a chronic process, with WMH predicting decline over 5 years.
- Early intervention may mitigate cognitive decline in patients with WMH.
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