RadicalSAM.org: A Resource to Interpret Sequence-Function Space and Discover New Radical SAM Enzyme Chemistry

The radical SAM superfamily (RSS), arguably the most functionally diverse enzyme superfamily, is also one of the largest with ~700K members currently in the UniProt database. The vast majority of the members have uncharacterized enzymatic activities and metabolic functions. In this Perspective, we describe RadicalSAM.org, a new web-based resource that enables a user-friendly genomic enzymology strategy to explore sequence-function space in the RSS. The resource attempts to enable identification of isofunctional groups of radical SAM enzymes using sequence similarity networks (SSNs) and the genome context of the bacterial, archaeal, and fungal members provided by genome neighborhood diagrams (GNDs). Enzymatic activities and in vivo functions frequently can be inferred from genome context given the tendency for genes of related function to be clustered. We invite the scientific community to use RadicalSAM.org to (i) guide their experimental studies to discover new enzymatic activities and metabolic functions, (ii) contribute experimentally verified annotations to RadicalSAM.org to enhance the ability to predict novel activities and functions, and (iii) provide suggestions for improving this resource.