Is Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist the Direct Cause of Churg-Strauss Syndrome in Asthmatic Patients?

One of the main reasons for continuous, persistent asthma is when there is a change in the structure of the airways and the Lung parenchyma. These persistent changes bring a much worse prognosis to asthmatic conditions and predispose the situation to severe asthmatic syndromes such as Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS). CSS is an inflammation of systemic blood vessels and is a rare disorder that can be suspected in long-standing asthmatic patients. Leukotriene antagonists receptor antagonists (LTRA) have been used to treat asthma along with tapering steroids. But after the introduction of LTRA therapy in these patients suggests a causal relation between LTRA initiation and the development of CSS, or it is an unmasking of CSS as the dose of steroid tapers down with LTRA therapy. This review highlights the relationship between leukotriene antagonists and the pathogenesis of CSS. It summarizes the current literature regarding the development of CSS with the initiation of LTRA therapy on asthmatic patients. The literature on this topic was reviewed using different research/article searches, manual library searches, conference abstracts, and internet searches.