Hybrid Pulse High-Frequency Voltage Injection Control Algorithm of Sensorless IPMSM for Vehicles

Area of Science:

• Electrical Engineering
• Control Systems
• Automotive Technology

Background:

• Conventional sensorless control algorithms for IPMSMs struggle with accurate rotor position estimation and magnetic pole polarity identification during zero-speed, high-torque starting, and low-speed operation.
• These limitations can lead to significant errors and instability in electric vehicle powertrains.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel hybrid pulse voltage signal injection method for sensorless control of IPMSMs.
• To address the challenges of rotor position error and magnetic pole polarity identification in challenging operating conditions.
• To ensure smooth startup and stable low-speed performance in vehicle applications.

Main Methods:

• A hybrid pulse vibration high-frequency voltage signal injection technique is employed.
• Simultaneous injection of high-frequency sinusoidal and opposite pulse voltage signals into the assumed coordinate system's axis.
• Identification of magnetic pole polarity via the flux chain saturation effect.
• Analysis of response current amplitude to determine the position relationship between assumed and actual d-axes.

Main Results:

• The proposed method accurately identifies magnetic pole polarity and estimates rotor position at zero and low speeds.
• The algorithm enables smooth motor startup from zero speed.
• Stable motor operation at low speeds is achieved.

Conclusions:

• The hybrid pulse voltage signal injection method offers a robust solution for sensorless IPMSM control.
• Accurate rotor position and polarity identification are crucial for reliable electric vehicle performance.
• The developed algorithm enhances the performance and reliability of IPMSMs in critical operating scenarios.