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Risk of second primary malignancy in patients with primary myelofibrosis: a SEER database study
Utsav Joshi1, Adheesh Bhattarai2, Suman Gaire3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA.
Abstract:
Prior studies report a greater incidence of second primary malignancy (SPM) among patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms, although the true risk in primary myelofibrosis (PMF) has not been elucidated. We utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to evaluate the risk of SPM in PMF patients and analyzed the effects of sociodemographic factors on the risk of SPM. Out of 5273 patients, 385 patients (7.30%) developed SPM. SPM occurred at SIR of 1.95 (95% CI 1.76-2.15) and AER of 149.01 per 10,000 population. A significantly higher incidence of melanoma (SIR 1.76, 95% CI 1.01-2.86), lymphoma (SIR 3.38, 95% CI 2.28-4.83), and leukemia (SIR 27.19, 95% CI 23.09-31.81) was observed. The risk was significantly higher in patients ≤60 years, males, chemotherapy recipients, within 5 years of PMF diagnosis, and for PMF diagnosed after 2009.
Insights
Patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) face an increased risk of developing a second primary malignancy (SPM). This risk is notably higher for specific cancers like leukemia, lymphoma, and melanoma.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Prior studies suggest an elevated risk of second primary malignancy (SPM) in myeloproliferative neoplasms.
- The specific risk of SPM in primary myelofibrosis (PMF) remains incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the incidence and risk of SPM in patients diagnosed with PMF.
- To investigate the influence of sociodemographic factors on SPM development in PMF patients.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for patient data.
- Analyzed data from 5273 patients diagnosed with PMF to identify SPM occurrences.
Main Results:
- A total of 385 PMF patients (7.30%) developed SPM.
- Significantly elevated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were observed for melanoma, lymphoma, and leukemia.
- Higher SPM risk was associated with younger age (≤60 years), male sex, chemotherapy use, diagnosis within 5 years, and recent diagnosis (after 2009).
Conclusions:
- PMF patients exhibit a significantly increased risk of developing SPM, particularly leukemia, lymphoma, and melanoma.
- Certain sociodemographic and clinical factors, including age, sex, treatment, and time since diagnosis, modify this risk.
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