Metabolic engineering of Schizosaccharomyces pombe for itaconic acid production

The economical production of value-added chemicals from renewable biomass is a promising aspect of producing a sustainable economy. Itaconic acid (IA) is a high value-added compound that is expected to be an alternative to petroleum-based chemicals. In this study, we developed a metabolic engineering strategy for the large-scale production of IA from glucose using the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Heterologous expression of the cis-aconitic acid decarboxylase (CAD) gene from Aspergillus terreus, which encodes cis-aconitate decarboxylase in the cytosol, led to the production of 0.132 g/L of IA. We demonstrated that mitochondrial localization of CAD enhanced the production of IA. To prevent the leakage of carbon flux from the TCA cycle, we generated a strain in which the endogenous malate exporter, citrate lyase, and citrate transporter genes were disrupted. A titer of 1.110 g/L of IA was obtained from a culture of this strain started with 50 g/L of glucose. By culturing the multiple mutant strain at increased cell density, we succeeded in enhancing the IA production to 1.555 g/L. The metabolic engineering strategies presented in this study have the potential to improve the titer of the biosynthesis of derivatives of intermediates of the TCA cycle.