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Behavioral dependence upon phencyclidine and ketamine in the rat
Summary
Continuous infusion of phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine in rats induced drug dependence, evidenced by disrupted operant behavior during withdrawal. Readministration of these drugs reversed withdrawal symptoms, indicating significant physiological dependence.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine are dissociative anesthetics with potential for abuse.
- Understanding drug dependence mechanisms is crucial for developing effective treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the induction of dependence by continuous intravenous (i.v.) infusion of phencyclidine (PCP) in rats.
- To assess withdrawal effects and potential cross-dependence with ketamine.
Main Methods:
- Rats were trained on a fixed-ratio 30 schedule for food reinforcement.
- Continuous i.v. infusion of PCP or ketamine was administered.
- Operant behavior (lever pressing) was monitored during drug withdrawal and readministration.
Main Results:
- Withdrawal from PCP infusion significantly reduced response rates, indicating dependence.
- Readministration of PCP or ketamine reversed these withdrawal effects.
- Ketamine withdrawal also disrupted operant behavior, suggesting cross-dependence.
Conclusions:
- Continuous i.v. administration of PCP and ketamine can induce physical dependence in rats.
- These findings highlight the dependence potential of arylcyclohexylamine dissociative anesthetics.