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Related Concept Videos

Bioremediation00:46

Bioremediation

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Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
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Estimating Sediment Denitrification Rates Using Cores and N2O Microsensors
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Quantifying denitrification in a field-scale bioremediation experiment.

M Jim Hendry1, S Lee Barbour2, Erin E Schmeling1

  • 1Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.

The Science of the Total Environment
|September 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In-situ bioremediation effectively removed nitrate (NO3-) from mine wastewater using methanol injection. Stable isotope tracers confirmed complete denitrification, validating this technology for environmental cleanup.

Keywords:
(15)N(18)ODenitrificationMiningNitrateStable isotopes

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geochemistry
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Nitrate (NO3-) contamination in mine waste rock poses a risk to water bodies.
  • Undetonated ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is a source of nitrate pollution from mining operations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of in-situ bioremediation for removing nitrate from mine wastewater.
  • To evaluate the use of stable isotope tracers to monitor denitrification processes.

Main Methods:

  • An in-situ bioremediation experiment was conducted at a Canadian coal mine.
  • Mine water rich in nitrate was injected with methanol, nutrients, and a bromide tracer into saturated waste rock.
  • Monitoring wells tracked nitrate concentrations and stable isotopes (δ15N and δ18O) over 201 days.

Main Results:

  • Complete denitrification (<0.5 mg N L-1) was achieved within 114 to 141 days at monitoring wells 38 m from injection points.
  • Isotopic enrichment factors (ε) for δ15N and δ18O were determined for varying nitrate concentrations.
  • Calculated denitrification fractions (Dp) using isotope data aligned with tracer results, confirming the reliability of stable isotopes.

Conclusions:

  • In-situ bioremediation with methanol is a successful strategy for remediating nitrate-contaminated mine water.
  • Stable isotope analysis provides invaluable data for determining denitrification rates and validating bioremediation effectiveness.
  • The demonstrated success has led to the application of this technology at additional mining sites.