The electron as a self-organising entity in physics and biology

A characteristic of living systems is their ability to self-organize. Using appropriate quantum mechanical and mathematical tools, we show that this ability may also be a characteristic of non-living systems, such as the electron, thus establishing an unsuspected relationship between biology and physics, whereby "biology precedes physics". Planck's constant h is not a pure number but an elementary quantum of action, a "real atom" according to Henri Poincaré. Consequently, Louis de Broglie's equation λ = h/p must be rewritten in the form h = λp or lp. This approach gives a new meaning to quantum physics: the precise equivalence lp = h = Ed combined with the conceptual tools of Laurent Nottale's scale relativity allows the reunification of physics and support the development of promising engineering applications, notably in systems biology and medicine.