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Related Concept Videos

Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

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Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
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Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy...
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Blood Transfusion01:15

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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
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Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
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The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Induction of Alloantigen-specific Anergy in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Alloantigen Stimulation with Co-stimulatory Signal Blockade
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Passenger donor lymphocytes: To affinity and beyond.

Miriam Manook1, Reza Motallebzadeh2, Gavin J Pettigrew1

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Passenger donor lymphocytes in organ transplants can cause the host to produce alloantibodies. This immune response, known as graft-versus-host recognition, is a key factor in transplant outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transplantation Science
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a significant complication in organ transplantation.
  • Donor lymphocytes can be inadvertently transferred with the transplanted organ.
  • Host immune responses to donor cells are critical in transplant success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of donor lymphocytes in triggering host immune responses post-transplantation.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of alloantibody production initiated by graft recognition.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of immune cell populations in transplant recipients.
  • Detection of host alloantibodies against donor antigens.
  • In vitro assays to study lymphocyte recognition.

Main Results:

  • Graft-versus-host recognition by donor lymphocytes was identified as a trigger for host alloantibody production.
  • The presence of passenger donor lymphocytes correlated with increased alloantibody levels.

Conclusions:

  • Donor lymphocyte recognition is a critical step in initiating host alloantibody responses.
  • Understanding this mechanism can inform strategies to mitigate transplant rejection.