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Related Concept Videos

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 28, 2025

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Compositionally complex doping for zero-strain zero-cobalt layered cathodes.

Rui Zhang1, Chunyang Wang1, Peichao Zou1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.

Nature
|September 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eliminating cobalt from lithium-ion batteries is crucial. This study introduces a novel high-nickel, zero-cobalt cathode with exceptional thermal and cycling stability, offering a safer, longer-lasting battery solution.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Battery Technology

Background:

  • Cobalt's price volatility and geopolitical issues necessitate its removal from automotive industry batteries.
  • High-nickel, cobalt-free (zero-Co) layered cathodes are promising for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to high energy density and lower cost.
  • Existing high-nickel cathodes face challenges with thermal/chemo-mechanical instability and limited cycle life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a stable and high-performance high-nickel, zero-cobalt layered cathode material.
  • To address the safety and stability concerns associated with current zero-cobalt cathode technologies.
  • To provide a commercially viable cathode for advanced lithium-ion batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a compositionally complex (high-entropy) doping strategy.
  • Employed X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and nanotomography for material characterization.
  • Conducted in-situ heating experiments to assess thermal stability.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated a high-nickel, zero-cobalt layered cathode with enhanced thermal and cycling stability.
  • Observed nearly zero volumetric change during electrochemical cycling, minimizing defects and cracks.
  • Demonstrated significantly improved thermal stability, comparable to NMC-532, and superior capacity retention.

Conclusions:

  • The developed high-entropy doped, zero-cobalt cathode offers a viable solution for safe, long-life lithium-ion batteries.
  • The study presents a universal strategy for mitigating strain and phase transformations in intercalation electrodes.
  • This breakthrough resolves key safety and stability issues in high-nickel, zero-cobalt cathode materials.