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Light extraction from quantum dot light emitting diodes by multiscale nanostructures.

Shujie Wang¹, Chenran Li¹, Yang Xiang¹

¹Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University Kaifeng 475004 China zld@henu.edu.cn.

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|September 22, 2022

Summary

Researchers enhanced quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) by adding multiscale nanostructures. This improved light extraction, boosting external quantum efficiency (EQE) and luminance for better display and lighting applications.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Optoelectronics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) show promise for displays and lighting.
Low light extraction efficiency due to internal reflections and absorption limits QLED performance.
Optimizing quantum dot synthesis alone does not resolve the outcoupling efficiency issue.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance the light extraction efficiency of QLEDs.
To improve the external quantum efficiency (EQE) and luminance of QLED devices.
To overcome limitations caused by total internal reflection, waveguiding, and metal surface absorption.

Main Methods:

Utilized multiscale nanostructures attached to the outer surface of the glass substrate.
Applied nanostructures to extract trapped light from QLED emitting layers.
Employed finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations to analyze light trapping.

Main Results:

External quantum efficiency (EQE) improved from 12.29% to 17.94%, with a maximum of 21.3%.
Luminance increased from 122,400 cd m⁻² to 178,700 cd m⁻².
Achieved a current efficiency of 88.3 cd A⁻¹, setting a new record for green QLEDs with light outcoupling nanostructures.

Conclusions:

Multiscale nanostructures effectively eliminate total internal reflection, enhancing light outcoupling.
The developed nanostructures significantly reduce light trapping effects within QLEDs.
This approach offers a viable strategy for advancing QLED efficiency for display and lighting applications.