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Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers
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A reconfigurable hyperbolic metamaterial perfect absorber.

Jitendra K Behera1, Kuan Liu1, Meng Lian1

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|September 22, 2022
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Summary

Researchers developed a tunable metamaterial perfect absorber using gold and GST225 layers for near-infrared light. This lithography-free device offers a 500 nm tunable absorptance peak, enabling dynamic reconfiguration for various applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Metamaterial (MM) perfect absorbers are established across various spectra, but achieving tunability often involves complex designs and expensive fabrication.
  • Existing tunable MM absorbers rely on electrical, thermal, or photo-induced changes in permittivity, facing limitations due to intricate designs and volatile active media.
  • Metal-dielectric stack layered hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) offer extraordinary optical properties with simpler designs, making them promising for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally realize a reconfigurable HMM perfect absorber for the near-infrared (N-IR) region.
  • To demonstrate dynamic tuning of the absorptance peak through phase transitions in the active material.
  • To validate the experimental findings through numerical simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a HMM absorber using alternating layers of gold (Au) and Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST225).
  • Characterization of the absorber's optical properties, including absorptance spectra.
  • Utilizing the reversible phase transition of GST225 (amorphous to crystalline) to tune the absorptance peak.
  • Numerical validation using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method.

Main Results:

  • A significant red-shift of 500 nm in the absorptance peak was achieved by transitioning GST225 from amorphous to crystalline state.
  • The perfect absorber exhibited omnidirectional and polarization-independent characteristics.
  • The absorptance peak could be reversibly switched in 5 nanoseconds by re-amorphizing GST225, demonstrating dynamic reconfigurability.
  • Experimental results were in good agreement with FDTD numerical simulations.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, reconfigurable HMM perfect absorber was successfully demonstrated for the N-IR region.
  • The lithography-free fabrication and dynamic tunability offer advantages over conventional MM absorbers.
  • This technology holds potential for applications in energy harvesting, photodetectors, biochemical sensing, and thermal camouflage.