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Risk Factors of Childhood Asthma Among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Centre in North-East India

Himamoni Deka1, Putul Mahanta2, Sultana Jesmin Ahmed3

  • 1Depatment of Anatomy, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India.

Journal of Asthma and Allergy
|September 22, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Childhood asthma is linked to urban living, damp environments, and family history. Awareness and preventive measures are crucial for reducing asthma

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Environmental Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition with increasing prevalence.
  • Both genetic predisposition and environmental exposures contribute to asthma development.
  • Childhood asthma poses a significant public health burden, necessitating research into its causative factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the socio-demographic and environmental factors associated with childhood asthma.
  • To identify risk factors for childhood asthma in patients attending Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Assam.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 150 children aged 3-12 years with asthma and 150 healthy controls.
  • Data collection using a predesigned questionnaire, with informed consent from guardians.
  • Statistical analysis including chi-square test and binary logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Urban locality, male gender, and damp environments were significant risk factors for childhood asthma.
  • Lower socioeconomic status, presence of pets, family history of atopy/allergy, passive smoking, and mixed feeding were also associated with increased asthma risk.
  • Odds ratios indicated significant associations for urban living (OR=4.53), damp environment (OR=5.21), lower socioeconomic status (OR=3.48), pets (OR=6.77), family history (OR=43.29), smoking (OR=23.54), and mixed feeding (OR=4.47).

Conclusions:

  • Environmental and socio-demographic factors play a critical role in the causation of childhood asthma.
  • Children are particularly susceptible to environmental triggers for asthma.
  • Increased awareness and targeted preventive strategies are essential to mitigate the impact of childhood asthma.
Abstract

Keywords:
allergyasthmaatopychildrenenvironmental factors

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