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Updated: Aug 28, 2025
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Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia
Published on: June 28, 2018
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Ventilator-associated pneumonia in PICU - how are we doing?
L van Wyk1, J T Applegate2, S Salie1,2
1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Summary
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) rates in pediatric intensive care units remain unchanged. Improving adherence to VAP bundles is crucial for reducing infection rates and enhancing patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Intensive Care
- Infection Control
- Hospital-Acquired Infections
Background:
- Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs).
- Previous interventions in 2013, including a VAP bundle and coordinator, initially reduced VAP rates.
- Ongoing evaluation is necessary to assess the sustained efficacy of these quality improvement initiatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the VAP rate in a PICU between 2017 and 2018.
- To identify the primary causative microorganisms of VAP during this period.
- To analyze antibiotic sensitivity and resistance patterns for effective treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective, descriptive study design was employed.
- Data were collected from the existing PICU VAP database and patient clinical records.
- Analysis included VAP incidence, causative organisms, and antibiotic susceptibility.
Main Results:
- A total of 31 VAP cases were identified over the two-year study period.
- VAP rates were 4.0/1000 ventilator days in 2017 and 5.4/1000 ventilator days in 2018.
- Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) *Klebsiella pneumoniae* was the most common organism, sensitive to amikacin and carbapenems.
Conclusions:
- VAP rates have not decreased since 2013, indicating a need for improved interventions.
- Enhanced compliance with the VAP bundle is essential to effectively reduce VAP incidence.
- *Klebsiella pneumoniae* and *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* remain common pathogens, supporting the empiric use of piptazobactam and amikacin.
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