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A MoS2-MWCNT based fluorometric nanosensor for exosome detection and quantification.

Mahnoush Tayebi1, Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki2,3, Hui Ying Yang1

  • 1Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road Singapore 487372 Singapore aiye@sutd.edu.sg +65 6499 4553.

Nanoscale Advances
|September 22, 2022
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Summary

A new biosensor platform rapidly detects and quantifies exosomes, crucial biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. This fluorescence-based nanosensor utilizes molybdenum disulfide-multiwall carbon nanotubes for sensitive detection of cancer cell biomarkers.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cancer Biomarkers

Background:

  • Circulating exosomes are vital in disease pathophysiology and show promise as cancer biomarkers due to their abundance in body fluids.
  • Accurate quantification and characterization of exosomes are essential for clinical applications, but current methods are often complex and time-consuming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rapid and sensitive platform for exosome detection and quantification.
  • To enable reliable clinical applications of exosomes as biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a fluorescence quenching-based biosensor using molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs).
  • Utilized the MoS2-MWCNT platform to detect and quantify exosomes from MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
  • Measured CD63 expression via retrieved fluorescence with a linear response range of 0-15% v/v.

Main Results:

  • The developed MoS2-MWCNT based fluorometric nanosensor demonstrated sensitive and selective biomarker detection.
  • The platform successfully quantified exosomes from MCF-7 cells, measuring CD63 expression.
  • Analysis revealed higher CD24 expression on MCF-7 exosomes compared to CD63 and CD81.

Conclusions:

  • The MoS2-MWCNT nanosensor provides a rapid, sensitive, and selective method for exosome detection and quantification.
  • This platform facilitates the clinical utility of exosomes as reliable cancer biomarkers.
  • The study highlights differential expression of surface markers (CD24 > CD63, CD81) on breast cancer exosomes.