Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

277
Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
277
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

320
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
320
Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

196
Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
196
Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

288
Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
288
Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

186
The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
186
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection01:27

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

390
Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration...
390

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Targeted Therapy-Induced Erythrocytosis in Thyroid Cancers: An Underrecognized Safety Signal from a Retrospective Study.

Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association·2026
Same author

Liquid biopsies for BRAF V600E assessment and monitoring in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: a real-world study of a tertiary cancer center.

Endocrine·2026
Same author

Ocrelizumab in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: first interim analysis of the MUSPO Italian prospective cohort.

Journal of neurology·2026
Same author

Clinical and psychopathological follow-up of patients with anorexia nervosa with or without NSSI comorbidity admitted to an inpatient service.

Eating and weight disorders : EWD·2026
Same author

The supporting role of Visual Evoked Potentials for the diagnosis of Optic Neuritis within the 2022 ICON criteria.

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)·2026
Same author

HerMeS: a registry-based evaluation of the HERCULES criteria for identifying nonrelapsing SPMS.

Journal of neurology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 28, 2025

Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle
09:40

Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle

Published on: January 19, 2017

11.8K

Respiratory Function in Friedreich's Ataxia.

Elena Vinante1, Elena Colombo1, Gabriella Paparella1

  • 1IRCCS "E. Medea", Department of Neurorehabilitation, 31015 Conegliano, Italy.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) impairs respiratory function, showing a restrictive pattern. Respiratory issues worsen with disease severity, scoliosis, and speech changes, highlighting the need for respiratory focus in FRDA rehabilitation.

Keywords:
Friedreich’s ataxiarespiratory function

More Related Videos

Repeated Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Activity and Ventilation in Mouse Models of Neuromuscular Disease
09:24

Repeated Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Activity and Ventilation in Mouse Models of Neuromuscular Disease

Published on: April 17, 2017

13.1K
Functional and Morphological Assessment of Diaphragm Innervation by Phrenic Motor Neurons
09:43

Functional and Morphological Assessment of Diaphragm Innervation by Phrenic Motor Neurons

Published on: May 25, 2015

17.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 28, 2025

Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle
09:40

Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle

Published on: January 19, 2017

11.8K
Repeated Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Activity and Ventilation in Mouse Models of Neuromuscular Disease
09:24

Repeated Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Activity and Ventilation in Mouse Models of Neuromuscular Disease

Published on: April 17, 2017

13.1K
Functional and Morphological Assessment of Diaphragm Innervation by Phrenic Motor Neurons
09:43

Functional and Morphological Assessment of Diaphragm Innervation by Phrenic Motor Neurons

Published on: May 25, 2015

17.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pulmonology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a rare, inherited, progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting young individuals.
  • FRDA is associated with ataxia, gait disturbance, scoliosis, cardiomyopathy, dysarthria, dysphagia, and reduced life expectancy.
  • Respiratory dysfunction is common in FRDA, yet studies are limited and dated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To objectively analyze the respiratory condition in early and late-stage FRDA patients.
  • To investigate correlations between respiratory function and motor, skeletal, speech, and genetic aspects of FRDA.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of 44 FRDA patients (ages 13-51).
  • Collection of clinical and instrumental respiratory data.
  • Statistical analysis using Pearson's correlation and ANOVA tests.

Main Results:

  • A consistent pattern of restrictive respiratory dysfunction was observed.
  • Reduced forced vital capacity, flow, and pressure parameters were noted.
  • Respiratory severity correlated significantly with overall disease severity, pneumophonic alterations, and scoliosis progression.

Conclusions:

  • Respiratory function is significantly impaired in FRDA patients.
  • Incoordination and muscle weakness in FRDA impact respiratory efficiency, affecting both daytime and nighttime function.
  • Respiratory deficits and ineffective cough are critical clinical issues in FRDA, necessitating integrated respiratory management within rehabilitation plans, especially considering dysphagia and postural difficulties.