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Incident Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in a High School Population
M Jacques Nsuami1, Wato Nsa2, Catherine L Cammarata1
1Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Biology
|September 23, 2022
Summary
School-based screening effectively identified chlamydia incidence in adolescents. Annual screening for adolescent boys is recommended due to higher incidence and risk factors observed in this study.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Adolescent Health
Background:
- Prospective cohort studies for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are often impractical due to logistical challenges and high costs.
- School settings offer a practical environment for monitoring adolescent health due to regular student attendance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of chlamydia among adolescents aged 14-19 years using a school-based screening approach.
- To identify risk factors associated with chlamydia infection in this age group.
Main Methods:
- A prospective cohort study involving repeated STI screening of 14-19-year-old students in New Orleans.
- Calculation of incidence rates, cumulative incidence, and incidence times for chlamydia.
- Multivariable analysis and joinpoint trend analysis to assess risk factors and incidence trends.
Main Results:
- High incidence rates of chlamydia were observed: 6.6 cases per 100 person-years for boys and 11.9 for girls.
- Positive gonorrhea tests during follow-up and prior chlamydia infection significantly increased risk for both sexes.
- Incidence rates showed an upward trend among boys (6.6% annual change) but not girls (0.1% annual change).
Conclusions:
- School-based screening is a feasible method for monitoring chlamydia incidence in adolescents.
- Findings support annual chlamydia screening for adolescent boys, given their observed incidence and risk factors.
- Results can inform mathematical modeling and cost-effectiveness analyses for *C. trachomatis* interventions.
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