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Emerging Role of Noncoding RNAs in EGFR TKI-Resistant Lung Cancer

Jingwei Li1, Peiyi Li2, Jun Shao1

  • 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Medical School/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

Cancers
|September 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) drive resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in lung cancer. This review explores ncRNA mechanisms and their potential as biomarkers for overcoming TKI resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality globally.
  • Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have improved survival for lung cancer patients.
  • Acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs is a major clinical challenge, necessitating exploration of novel therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the development of EGFR-TKI resistance in lung cancer.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which ncRNAs contribute to TKI resistance.
  • To discuss the clinical applications of ncRNAs as biomarkers for prognosis, prediction, and therapy in EGFR-TKI-resistant lung cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating ncRNAs in EGFR-TKI-resistant lung cancer.
  • Analysis of mechanisms involving microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs).
  • Evaluation of the potential of ncRNAs as clinical biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, are significantly dysregulated in EGFR-TKI-resistant lung cancer.
  • These ncRNAs regulate key signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis and resistance development.
  • ncRNAs show promise as prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • Dysregulation of ncRNAs is a critical mechanism underlying EGFR-TKI resistance in lung cancer.
  • ncRNAs represent a promising avenue for developing novel strategies to overcome TKI resistance.
  • Translating ncRNA research into clinical practice requires addressing existing barriers.
Keywords:
EGFR-TKI resistancelung cancermechanismncRNAs

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