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How Does a Face Mask Impact Speech Perception?

Il-Joon Moon1,2, Mini Jo2, Ga-Young Kim2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Face masks hinder speech perception, especially for those with hearing loss. Visual cues significantly improve understanding when masks are off, but offer less benefit when masks are worn.

Keywords:
COVID-19hearing lossmaskspeech perception

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Communication Sciences

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic mandated face masks, impacting speech communication by reducing sound energy and obscuring visual cues.
  • Individuals with hearing loss rely heavily on visual cues for speech perception, making them particularly vulnerable to mask-induced communication barriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of face masks on speech performance in individuals with normal hearing and hearing impairment.
  • To determine the impact of visual cues on speech understanding when speakers wear different types of face masks.

Main Methods:

  • Participants completed a listen-and-repeat task using video recordings of speakers with and without face masks (surgical, N95).
  • Speech performance was evaluated with and without visual cues.
  • Acoustic characteristics of speech signals were analyzed based on mask type.

Main Results:

  • Visual cues significantly improved speech perception for both groups when speakers were not wearing masks.
  • When speakers wore masks, the benefit of visual cues was not statistically significant compared to no visual cues.
  • Hearing impairment status did not alter the general findings regarding the benefit of visual cues.

Conclusions:

  • Visual cues are crucial for speech perception, especially for individuals with hearing impairment.
  • Face masks significantly impede the benefits typically gained from visual cues in speech understanding.
  • Effective communication strategies are essential to mitigate speech perception challenges during mask mandates.