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Physical Activity in Centenarians beyond Cut-Point-Based Accelerometer Metrics.

Adrián Hernández-Vicente1,2,3, Jorge Marín-Puyalto1,2,3, Esther Pueyo4,5

  • 1Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

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Summary

New accelerometer metrics offer a clearer picture of physical activity (PA) in centenarians, showing associations with functional independence. These cut-point-free methods may improve future studies on the oldest-old.

Keywords:
Mx metricsSPPBaverage accelerationintensity gradientmortalityoldest-old

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Physical Activity Measurement

Background:

  • Assessing physical activity (PA) in centenarians is challenging due to limitations of conventional accelerometer metrics.
  • Cut-point-based methods may not accurately capture the nuances of PA in the oldest-old population.
  • Existing metrics might exhibit floor effects, potentially underestimating activity levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare conventional cut-point-based accelerometer metrics with novel cut-point-free metrics for characterizing PA in centenarians.
  • To investigate the utility of cut-point-free metrics in overcoming limitations of traditional methods.
  • To examine the association of both metric types with functional independence, cognitive, and physical capacities in centenarians.

Main Methods:

  • Eighteen institutionalized centenarians (mean age 101.5 years) wore wrist GENEActiv accelerometers for 7 days.
  • Conventional metrics (light-intensity PA, moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA) were calculated using established cut-points.
  • Cut-point-free metrics including average acceleration, intensity gradient, and Mx metrics were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • Conventional metrics showed a wide range in light-intensity PA (15-132 min/day) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (3-15 min/day).
  • Cut-point-free metrics like intensity gradient and M5 demonstrated attenuated skew compared to MVPA, suggesting a reduced floor effect.
  • Both conventional and cut-point-free metrics showed positive associations with functional independence, cognitive, and physical capacities.

Conclusions:

  • This study introduces cut-point-free accelerometer metrics for describing PA in centenarians.
  • These novel metrics may offer a more sensitive and less biased approach to PA assessment in the oldest-old.
  • Future research should utilize these advanced analytical methods for more comprehensive and comparable PA data across diverse populations.