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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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Updated: Aug 28, 2025

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation
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Published on: May 1, 2021

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MicroRNAs in Medicinal Plants.

Mingyang Sun1,2,3, Shiqiang Xu1,2,3, Yu Mei1,2,3

  • 1Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|September 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Medicinal plant microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression in plants and animals. This review explores their dual roles and potential in drug development and agriculture.

Keywords:
biological functionmedicinal plantmiRNAsynthesis pathway

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Medicinal plant microRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs regulating gene expression.
  • They function both within plants (intra-kingdom) and in animal cells (cross-kingdom).
  • Research on their biosynthesis and function is rapidly expanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and critically evaluate the current research on medicinal plant miRNAs.
  • To assess the feasibility of their role in regulating animal gene function.
  • To clarify the significance, opportunities, and challenges in drug development and agriculture.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of peer-reviewed papers on medicinal plant miRNAs.
  • Analysis of research covering 78 medicinal plant species.
  • Critical evaluation of existing literature on miRNA biosynthesis and function.

Main Results:

  • Medicinal plant miRNAs exhibit cross-kingdom regulation of animal genes and intra-kingdom roles in plant processes.
  • Progress in intra-kingdom miRNA research is limited in some species due to biological and technical challenges.
  • The review covers 78 species, highlighting diverse miRNA applications.

Conclusions:

  • Medicinal plant miRNAs hold significant potential for drug development and agricultural applications.
  • Understanding their complex roles is crucial for rational design of miRNA-based functional modules.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges in studying intra-kingdom miRNA functions.