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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Lung microRNA Profiling Across the Estrous Cycle in Ozone-exposed Mice
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Circulating MicroRNAs Expression Profile in Lung Inflammation: A Preliminary Study.

Davida Mirra1, Erika Cione2, Giuseppe Spaziano1

  • 1Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy.

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|September 23, 2022
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Summary

This study found lower levels of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) in asthma patients, suggesting their role in lung inflammation. These findings may offer new ways to manage asthma and obesity co-morbidities.

Keywords:
asthmabiomarkerscirculating microRNAsinflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Bronchial asthma is a growing global health concern requiring novel management strategies.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of lung cellular functions and are implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases like asthma.
  • Obesity is a common comorbidity in asthma, necessitating research into shared molecular mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare serum microRNA expression profiles in asthma patients, obese individuals, and healthy controls.
  • To identify specific microRNA signatures associated with lung inflammation in asthma.
  • To investigate the potential role of microRNAs in the interplay between asthma and obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples were collected from a prospective cohort of 25 sex-matched subjects.
  • Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine circulating microRNA levels.
  • In silico analysis was performed to predict microRNA target genes involved in lung inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Asthmatic patients exhibited significantly lower expression of hsa-miR-34a-5p, hsa-miR-181a-5p, and hsa-miR-146a-5p compared to both obese and healthy controls.
  • These findings suggest a specific role for these microRNAs in regulating the lung's inflammatory response.
  • In silico analysis identified GATA family genes as novel targets of these microRNAs, linked to inflammatory pathways.

Conclusions:

  • A novel circulating microRNA expression profile was identified with potential for clinical evaluation and management of asthma.
  • Further large-scale investigations are required to validate the role of these microRNAs as biomarkers for bronchial asthma.
  • These microRNAs may also serve as indicators for pharmacological treatment response in asthma management.