Study to Identify and Evaluate Predictor Factors for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Tertiary Prophylactic Actions

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Epidemiology
• Predictive Modeling

Background:

• Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) management requires objective assessment tools for tertiary prevention.
• Predicting symptom progression in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) is crucial for effective intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a predictive model for assessing OAG evolution using explanatory variables.
• To evaluate risk factors and predictors of symptom progression in POAG and NTG patients compared to non-glaucoma patients.

Main Methods:

• Analytical epidemiological study of a prospective cohort.
• Data collected included medical history, ophthalmological examination, intraocular pressure (IOP), and visual field (VF) parameters.
• A dichotomous "Symptom Inventory" questionnaire, derived from focus group insights, was utilized.

Main Results:

• The study included 110 patients: 71 with POAG and 39 with NTG, with statistically significant differences between groups.
• Glaucomatous loss in POAG was early (AD < -6 dB).
• Age was the only statistically significant confounding factor (p=0.000).

Conclusions:

• Identified potential predictors of OAG, including risk factors and symptoms, using a questionnaire tool.
• The developed model can aid ophthalmologists in objective assessment for tertiary prevention.
• Focus group-derived socio-human research techniques can support clinical practice.