Disposable Amperometric Label-Free Immunosensor on Chitosan-Graphene-Modified Patterned ITO Electrodes for Prostate...

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Biosensors
• Materials Science

Background:

• Prostate cancer diagnosis relies on accurate prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detection.
• Existing methods for PSA determination can be complex or lack sensitivity.
• Development of rapid, sensitive, and label-free biosensing platforms is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a disposable and label-free electrochemical immunosensing platform for sensitive PSA determination.
• To utilize a chitosan-graphene nanocomposite for enhanced electrode performance.
• To validate the sensor's efficacy in detecting PSA in human serum samples.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of a chitosan-graphene (CS-rGO) nanocomposite on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes.
• Immobilization of anti-PSA antibodies onto the CS-rGO modified ITO surface.
• Electrochemical amperometric detection of PSA without labels.
• Validation using spiked human serum samples.

Main Results:

• The CS-rGO modified ITO electrode demonstrated enhanced conductivity and stability.
• The immunosensor achieved sensitive PSA detection in the range of 1 to 5 ng mL⁻¹.
• A low limit of detection of 0.8 pg mL⁻¹ was obtained.
• The sensor exhibited high selectivity, reproducibility, and storage stability.

Conclusions:

• A facile and highly sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for PSA detection was successfully developed.
• The chitosan-graphene nanocomposite provides an effective platform for biosensor fabrication.
• The developed immunosensor shows great potential for the early diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer.