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Nanoparticle and Nanostructure Synthesis and Controlled Growth Methods
Vancha Harish1, Md Mustafiz Ansari1, Devesh Tewari2
1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 23, 2022
Summary
This review explores nanomaterials, materials engineered at the nanoscale (1-100 nm). It details their classification, fabrication methods, and challenges for research and commercial applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Nanomaterials possess unique properties due to their nanoscale dimensions (1-100 nm).
- Control over nanomaterial characteristics like size, shape, and composition is key to their distinct properties compared to bulk materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of nanomaterial classification systems.
- To describe fabrication and functionalization techniques for nanomaterials.
- To highlight challenges in nanomaterial synthesis for research and commercialization.
Main Methods:
- Classification based on dimensionality, composition, origin, crystal phase, and dispersion state.
- Synthesis methods categorized by starting material (bottom-up, top-down), reaction phase, and dispersing forces.
- Review of historical context and growth-controlled mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Detailed presentation of diverse classification criteria for nanomaterials.
- Explanation of various synthesis and functionalization strategies.
- Identification of current challenges in nanomaterial production.
Conclusions:
- Understanding nanomaterial classification and synthesis is crucial for advancing their applications.
- Addressing synthesis challenges is vital for unlocking the full potential of nanomaterials in research and industry.
