West Mexico Berries Modulate α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase and Pancreatic Lipase Using In Vitro and In Silico Approaches

The objective was to evaluate the antioxidant and biological potential of eight freeze-dried berry varieties of southern Jalisco using in silico and in vitro approaches. Fourteen tentative phenolic compounds were identified in berries by ESI-QToF, including anthocyanins, phenolic acids, flavanols and flavonols. In silico assays of phytochemicals in the berry inhibiting enzymes related to obesity and diabetes showed predicted binding energy interactions (ranging from -5.4 to -9.3 kcal/mol). Among the cultivars, antioxidant potential for DPPH IC₅₀ ranged from 1.27 to 3.40 mg/mL, ABTS IC₅₀ from 2.26 to 7.32 mg/mL and nitric oxide (NO) inhibition IC₅₀ from 4.26 to 11.07 mg/mL. The potential to inhibit α-amylase IC₅₀ ranged from 4.02 to 7.66 mg/mL, α-glucosidase IC₅₀ from 0.27 to 4.09 mg/mL, lipase IC₅₀ from 1.30 to 4.82 mg/mL and DPP-IV IC₅₀ from 1.36 to 3.31 mg/mL. Blackberry cultivars from the southern Jalisco region showed outstanding biological potential compared to other evaluated berries and could be used in the formulation of functional foods in the prevention of noncommunicable diseases.