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Updated: Aug 27, 2025
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Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging for Assessment of Spinal Cord Blood Flow in Experimental Spinal Cord Injury
Published on: May 7, 2015
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Biomarkers from Secondary Complications in Spinal Cord Injury
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Current Pharmacology Reports
|September 23, 2022
Summary
Biomarkers are crucial for early detection and management of life-threatening secondary complications following spinal cord injury (SCI). Research highlights key biomarkers like sclerostin and D-dimer for improved patient care.
Area of Science:
- Biomarkers
- Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)
- Secondary Complications
Background:
- Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects 40 per million people annually in the USA, leading to severe secondary complications.
- Early detection of these complications is critical but often challenging due to varied warning signs.
- Biomarkers are essential for assessing and managing secondary complications after SCI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current research on biomarkers for secondary complications of SCI.
- To highlight reliable biomarkers with clinical importance for early detection, maintenance, and long-term care.
- To emphasize the ongoing need for biomarker research in SCI.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive review of recent studies on SCI biomarkers.
- Analysis of biomarkers identified through cellular, molecular, transcriptomic, bioinformatics, and clinical studies.
- Focus on biomarkers for common SCI complications like neuropathic pain and deep vein thrombosis.
Main Results:
- Numerous biomarkers have been identified for SCI complications.
- Key reliable biomarkers include sclerostin, NGF, D-dimer, oncostatin M (OSM), microbiota, and C-reactive protein.
- Biomarkers enable early prediction of secondary complication severity.
Conclusions:
- Biomarkers are vital for the early detection and management of SCI complications.
- Continued research into biomarkers offers valuable cellular and molecular insights.
- Effective use of biomarkers can significantly improve patient outcomes and long-term care after SCI.
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